Pa Seputembala 25, 2025 (nthawi ya ku America), Dipatimenti Yamalonda ya ku US idapereka chilengezo chomwe chidayambitsa nkhani yokhudza makampani opanga zinthu zopangidwa ndi pulp molding ku China—idapereka chigamulo chomaliza pa kafukufuku wokhudza ntchito zotsutsana ndi kutaya zinthu ndi countervailing duty (AD/CVD) pa "Thermoformed Molded Fiber Products" zochokera ku China ndi Vietnam. Poyambitsidwa mwalamulo pa Okutobala 29, 2024, kafukufukuyu wa chaka chimodzi unapangitsa kuti pakhale mitengo yosiyanasiyana ya msonkho, zomwe zinabweretsa mavuto aakulu kwa makampani opanga zinthu zopangidwa ndi pulp molding aku China komanso kuyambitsa nkhawa yayikulu m'makampani onse okhudza kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito komanso njira zopititsira patsogolo chitukuko.
Chigamulo chomaliza chotsutsa kutaya katundu chikuwonetsa kuti phindu la kutaya katundu kwa opanga/otumiza kunja aku China likuchokera pa 49.08% mpaka 477.97%, pomwe la opanga/otumiza kunja aku Vietnam lili pakati pa 4.58% ndi 260.56%. Ponena za chigamulo chomaliza cha msonkho wotsutsana, kuchuluka kwa msonkho kwa makampani oyenerera aku China ndi 7.56% mpaka 319.92%, ndipo kwa opanga/otumiza kunja aku Vietnam, ndi 5.06% mpaka 200.70%. Mogwirizana ndi malamulo a US AD/CVD osonkhanitsa msonkho, makampani amafunika kulipira msonkho wotsutsana ndi kutaya katundu komanso wotsutsana ndi kutaya katundu. Kwa makampani ena, msonkho wophatikizana umaposa 300%, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa ku China zatsala pang'ono kutaya mwayi wotumiza katundu mwachindunji ku US. Kwenikweni, chigamulo chomalizachi chatseka njira yotumizira katundu mwachindunji kuchokera ku China kupita ku US, ndipo dongosolo lapadziko lonse lapansi la unyolo woperekera katundu likukumana ndi kukonzanso.
Kwa makampani opanga zinthu zopangidwa ndi zamkati ku China, omwe amadalira kwambiri misika ya US ndi Europe, izi zitha kufotokozedwa ngati "zowononga." Tengani madera ena ofunikira otumizira kunja monga zitsanzo: gawo lalikulu la zinthu zamakampani am'deralo zomwe kale zinkapita kumisika ya US ndi Europe, ndipo kutsekedwa kwa msika wa US kwadula mwachindunji njira zawo zazikulu zotumizira kunja. Akatswiri amakampani akufufuza kuti chifukwa cha kutsekedwa kwa njira zotumizira kunja kupita ku US, mphamvu zopangira zamkati zomwe zidakonzedwa pamsika wa US zidzakhala zochulukirapo mwachangu. Mpikisano m'misika yomwe si ya US udzakula kwambiri, ndipo mabizinesi ena ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati angakumane ndi vuto lopulumuka lomwe limadziwika ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa maoda ndi mphamvu zopangira zopanda ntchito.
Poyang'anizana ndi "vuto la moyo kapena imfa," makampani ena otsogola ayamba kufunafuna njira zatsopano pokhazikitsa mafakitale akunja ndikusamutsa mphamvu zopangira - monga kukhazikitsa maziko opangira ku Southeast Asia, North America, ndi madera ena - kuti ayesetse kupewa zopinga zamitengo. Komabe, ziyenera kudziwika kuti Southeast Asia si malo otetezeka kwa nthawi yayitali. Makampani aku Vietnam nawonso adaphatikizidwa mu chigamulo chomalizachi, ndipo mitengo yokwera ya misonkho ikuwonongabe mabizinesi omwe adayika mabizinesi awo kumeneko. Panthawi yomanga mafakitale akunja, nkhani monga kusinthasintha kwa zida, kuyendetsa bwino ntchito yoyambitsa kupanga, komanso kuwongolera ndalama zakhala zovuta kwambiri kwa mabizinesi kuti adutse - ndipo izi zapangitsa kuti kupanga zida zatsopano ndi mayankho a Guangzhou Nanya Pulp Molding Equipment Co., Ltd. akhale chithandizo chofunikira kwambiri kwa makampaniwa kuti athetse mavuto.
Monga kampani yotsogola yomwe ikugwira ntchito kwambiri pakupanga zida zopangira pulp molding, Guangzhou Nanya, yokhala ndi chidziwitso cholondola pazovuta zamakampani, imapatsa makasitomala mayankho athunthu kuti athe kuthana ndi miyezo ya US AD/CVD kudzera muukadaulo wa zida zosinthira, zanzeru, komanso zosinthika. Pofuna kuthana ndi kufunikira kwakukulu kwa mabizinesi kuti "afulumizitse ntchito yomanga ndikuyambitsa kupanga mwachangu mafakitale akunja," Guangzhou Nanya yayambitsa mzere wopanga matebulo opangira pulp molding wodziyimira pawokha. Kudzera mu kapangidwe ka module kokhazikika komanso ukadaulo wopangira mwachangu, nthawi yokhazikitsa zida zamafakitale akunja yafupikitsidwa kuchoka pa masiku 45 achikhalidwe kufika pa masiku 30, zomwe zachepetsa kwambiri nthawi yofunikira kuti mphamvu zopangira ziyambe kugwira ntchito. Kale, bizinesi ikamanga fakitale ku Southeast Asia, idatulutsa mwachangu mphamvu zopangira pogwiritsa ntchito mzere wopanga uwu, idatenga nthawi yomweyo maoda oyamba aku US, ndipo idachepetsa bwino kutayika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zotsatira za miyezo ya AD/CVD.
Poyang'anizana ndi kusinthasintha kwa mitengo ya msonkho komanso kusiyana kwa zinthu zopangira m'madera osiyanasiyana, mzere wopanga wa Guangzhou Nanya wosinthika ndi zinthu zambiri ukuwonetsa zabwino zosasinthika. Mzere wopanga uwu ukhoza kusintha mwanzeru kuchuluka kwa pulp ndi magawo oumbira malinga ndi mawonekedwe a zinthu zopangira pamsika womwe ukufunidwa (monga pulp ya bagasse ku Southeast Asia ndi pulp yamatabwa ku North America). Kuphatikiza ndi njira yosinthira nkhungu mwachangu (nthawi yosinthira nkhungu ≤ mphindi 30), sungakwaniritse zofunikira panjira yogulitsira zinthu zovomerezeka zachilengedwe m'misika ya US ndi Europe komanso kusintha mosinthasintha kupita ku miyezo yazinthu zamisika yosakhala ya US monga Middle East ndi South America. Izi zimathandiza mabizinesi kukwaniritsa "fakitale imodzi, kuphimba msika wambiri" ndikupewa zoopsa zodalira msika umodzi. Pazosowa za "kupanga kwapadera" kwa mabizinesi ena, Guangzhou Nanya yapanga mzere wanzeru wopanga wocheperako. Ndi kapangidwe kake kakang'ono, ndi koyenera kukonzanso mafakitale osagwira ntchito, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zake ndikotsika ndi 25% kuposa zida zachikhalidwe. Ngakhale kuwongolera ndalama zopangira zakomweko, kumathandiza mabizinesi kutsatira zofunikira za misika yakunja ndikupewa zopinga zamitengo.
Polimbana ndi mpikisano wowonjezereka m'misika yomwe si ya ku America, Guangzhou Nanya imapatsanso makasitomala mphamvu zomangira mpikisano waukulu kudzera mukusintha kwaukadaulo. Mzere wake wopangidwa wodziyimira pawokha wopanda mafuta wopanda fluorine umaphatikiza gawo lopopera lolondola kwambiri komanso njira yanzeru yowongolera kutentha, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga zinthu zokhazikika zomwe zimakwaniritsa ziphaso zapadziko lonse lapansi monga EU's OK Composted Home. Izi zimathandiza makasitomala kulowa mwachangu pamsika wapamwamba kwambiri wopaka chakudya ku Europe. Dongosolo lothandizira kuyang'anira zinthu pa intaneti lingathe kukhazikika pamlingo woyenera wa malonda opitilira 99.5%, ndikuwonjezera kwambiri mbiri yamakampani m'misika yatsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, Guangzhou Nanya imaperekanso ntchito zowongolera njira zomwe zakonzedwa. Kutengera miyezo ya malonda ndi zofunikira pakupanga kwa makasitomala m'misika yomwe akufuna, imasintha magawo a mzere wopanga kuti iwonetsetse kuti zidazo zitha kusintha bwino zosowa za msika wakomweko zikangoyamba kugwira ntchito.
Mpaka pano, Guangzhou Nanya yapereka mayankho a zida ku mafakitale opitilira 20 akunja m'madera monga Southeast Asia, North America, ndi South America. Podalira zabwino zake zazikulu za "kukhazikitsa mwachangu, kusintha kosinthasintha, komanso kuchepetsa ndalama ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito," yathandiza makasitomala ambiri kukonzanso mphamvu zopangira ndikukulitsa msika mothandizidwa ndi njira za AD/CVD. Mwachitsanzo, mothandizidwa ndi mzere wake wopanga, fakitale ku Southeast Asia sinangotenga mwachangu maoda oyamba aku US komanso idalowa bwino m'misika yoyandikana nayo yomwe si ya ku US, ndipo phindu lonse la malonda likukwera ndi 12% poyerekeza ndi kale. Izi zimatsimikizira mokwanira kufunika kwa zida ndi mayankho a Guangzhou Nanya.
Pansi pa zovuta ziwiri za kuchuluka kwa zinthu ndi zopinga zamalonda, "kupita padziko lonse lapansi" kuti akagwiritse ntchito mphamvu zopangira ndi "kukumba mozama" kuti akafufuze misika yosakhala ya ku US kwakhala njira zofunika kwambiri kwa mabizinesi opanga ma pulp molding. Kudzera mu mphamvu zitatu za "kuyambitsa kupanga mwachangu" kudzera mu mizere yopanga yokhayokha, "kuphimba misika yambiri" kudzera mu zida zosinthira zinthu zosiyanasiyana, komanso "mpikisano wamphamvu" kudzera mu mayankho okweza ukadaulo, Guangzhou Nanya ikupereka yankho labwino kwambiri kuti makampaniwa athe kuthana ndi miyezo ya US AD/CVD. Mtsogolomu, Guangzhou Nanya ipitiliza kuyang'ana kwambiri pakukonzanso ukadaulo wa zida, kukonza mayankho kutengera mfundo zamisika yatsopano komanso mawonekedwe azinthu zopangira, ndikuthandiza mabizinesi ambiri opanga ma pulp molding kudutsa zopinga zamalonda ndikupeza malo olimba pamsika wapadziko lonse.
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-09-2025